If certain tax liability arose by virtue of retrospective amendment then revenue cannot demand interest for short payment of advance tax
COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX vs. NATIONAL DAIRY DEVELOPMENT BOARD
HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT
AKIL KURESHI & BIREN VAISHNAV, JJ.
TAX APPEAL NO. 361 of 2017
14th June, 2017
(2017) 99 CCH 0219 GujHC
(2017) 397 ITR 0543 (Guj) : (2017) 249 TAXMAN 0061 (Gujarat)
Legislation Referred to
Section 43(6)
Case pertains to
Asst. Year 2008-09
Decision in favour of:
Revenue(partly)
Income—Expenditure incurred in relation to income not includible in total income—Interest payable & receivable—Interest for default in payment of advance tax—Interest for deferment of advance tax—Disallowance—Deletion of interest—Tribunal restricted disallowance made u/s.14A r.w.r 8D—Tribunal deleted interest u/s. 234B and 234C by held that same would not had been charged on assessee on account of increase in total income resulting from retrospective amendment to section 43(6) without appreciating that charging of interest u/s. 234B and 234C was mandatory—Issue arose here that assessee was liable to pay interest on such short fall of advance tax or not—Held, advance tax was payable in respect of total income of assessee, which would be chargeable to tax in assessment year immediately followed financial year in question—Computation of advance tax would be made in advance and deposited with Government Revenue—In absence of amendment in Section 43(6) at relevant time no liability to pay tax in case of assessee existed—Such liability arose by virtue of subsequent amendment brought into statute with retrospective effect—Therefore, at relevant time when liability to pay advance tax arose, there was no short fall as per statutory provisions prevailing—No interest could be charged on ground that by virtue of subsequent amendment with retrospective effect tax liability arose, law did not expect person to perform impossible—In the case of Emami Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax had held it was case in which certain tax liability arose by virtue of retrospective amendment u/s 115 JB—Revenue demanded interest on short payment of advance tax calculated on basis of such retrospective amendment—Court had pointed out that Mr. Bajoria, at very outset, conceded that said decision should be applied for answered the first question formulated in this appeal against his client—In court opinion, said decision was not relevant for considering second and third questions as to whether an assessee could be said to be defaulter in payment of advance tax if he had no liability to make payment of such tax on last date of financial year preceding relevant assessment year as such question did not arise in said case before Court—Second question was not entertained and tax appeal was confined only to first question—Revenue’s appeal partly allowed.
Held :
In terms of Section 2 07 of the Act, thus, advance tax is payable in respect of total income of the assessee, which would be chargeable to tax in the assessment year immediately following the financial year in question. Thus, the computation of advance tax would be made in advance and deposited with the Government Revenue as per the provisions contained in the said chapter. In absence of the amendment in Section 43(6) of the Act, at the relevant time no liability to pay tax in case of assessee existed. Such liability arose by virtue of a subsequent amendment brought into the statute with retrospective effect. Therefore, at the relevant time when liability to pay advance tax arose, there was no short fall as per the statutory provisions prevailing. No interest can be charged on the ground that by virtue of subsequent amendment with retrospective effect the tax liability arose, the law does not expect the person to perform the impossible.
(Para 5)
This is precisely what the Division Bench of Kolkata High Court in the case of Emami Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax (supra) had held. It was the case in which a certain tax liability arose by virtue of retrospective amendment under Section 115 JB of the Act. The Revenue demanded interest on short payment of advance tax calculated on the basis of such retrospective amendment.
(Para 6)
Court have already pointed out that Mr. Bajoria, at the very outset, conceded that the said decision should be applied for answering the first question formulated in this appeal against his client. In opinion, the said decision is not relevant for considering the second and the third questions as to whether an assessee can be said to be a defaulter in payment of advance tax if he had no liability to make payment of such tax on the last date of a financial year preceding the relevant assessment year as such the question did not arise in the said case before the Supreme Court.
(Para 15)
Conclusion :
No interest could be charged on ground that by virtue of subsequent amendment with retrospective effect tax liability arose, law did not expect person to perform impossible.
In favour of :
Revenue(partly)
Cases referred:
Emami Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax 337 ITR 470
Commissioner of Income Tax and Another vs. SEDCO FOREX INTERNATIONAL DRILLING CO. LTD. 264 ITR 320
Counsel appeared:
KM Parikh, Adv., for the Appellant.
AKIL KURESHI, J:-
- Tax Appeal is admitted for consideration of following substantial questions of law:
“1 Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the ITAT was justified in restricting the disallowance made u/s.14A r.w.r 8D of the I.T.Act to Rs.10,00,000/- without appreciating that provisions of Rule 8D(2)(iii) are applicable to the assessee?”
We notice that the Revenue has proposed another question, which reads as under:
“2 Whether on the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the ITAT was justified in deleting interest u/s. 234B and 234C of the I.T.Act by holding that same would not have been charged on the assessee on account of increase in total income resulting from retrospective amendment to section 43(6) of the Act without appreciating that charging of interest u/s. 234B and 234C of the I.T Act is mandatory?”
- This question relates to the liability of the assessee to pay interest on short fall of payment of advance tax. It is undisputed that such short fall occurred due to the liability, which arose on account of retrospective amendment. Explanation 6 to Section 43(6) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, was inserted by Finance Act 2008 with retrospective effect from 01.04.2003. This explanation essentially provided for computing the actual cost of asset, the depreciation allowed on such asset etc., in case of assessee who was not required to compute the total income for the purpose of the act for any previous year or years. It is not necessary to go into the nitigrity of explanation of this provision. Suffice it to record that for the assessment year 2008-09 which is under consideration, the assessee had paid advance tax, which was later on found to be short of the statutory computation on account of the above noted retrospective statutory amendment. In this context, the question arose whether the assessee was liable to pay interest on such short fall of the advance tax.
- The issue when ultimately reached the Tribunal, the Tribunal by the impugned judgement held that interest cannot be levied under Section 234B and 234C of the Act. The tribunal relied on a decision of the Kolkata High Court in the case of Emami Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax reported in 337 ITR 470 and of Uttaranchal High Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax and Another vs. SEDCO FOREX INTERNATIONAL DRILLING CO. LTD. reported in 264 ITR 320.
- Para C of chapter XVII of the Act pertains to advance payment of tax. Section 2 07 contained in the said chapter pertains to liability for payment of advance tax. Subsection 1 of Section 2 07 provides that tax shall be payable in advance during any financial year in accordance to the provision of Sections 2 08 to 219 in respect of total income of the assessee, which would be chargeable to tax for the assessment year immediately following the financial year and such income would be referred to as current income. Section 208 of the act provides for condition for liability to pay advance tax and requires an assessee to pay such tax if tax liability exceeds Rs.10,000/- Section 209 of the Act provides for computation of advance tax.
- In terms of Section 2 07 of the Act, thus, advance tax is payable in respect of total income of the assessee, which would be chargeable to tax in the assessment year immediately following the financial year in question. Thus, the computation of advance tax would be made in advance and deposited with the Government Revenue as per the provisions contained in the said chapter. In absence of the amendment in Section 43(6) of the Act, at the relevant time no liability to pay tax in case of assessee existed. Such liability arose by virtue of a subsequent amendment brought into the statute with retrospective effect. Therefore, at the relevant time when liability to pay advance tax arose, there was no short fall as per the statutory provisions prevailing. No interest can be charged on the ground that by virtue of subsequent amendment with retrospective effect the tax liability arose, the law does not expect the person to perform the impossible.
- This is precisely what the Division Bench of Kolkata High Court in the case of Emami Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax (supra) had held. It was the case in which a certain tax liability arose by virtue of retrospective amendment under Section 115 JB of the Act. The Revenue demanded interest on short payment of advance tax calculated on the basis of such retrospective amendment. The Kolkata High Court held and observed as under:
“13 In our opinion, the amended provision of section 115JB having come into force with effect from April 1, 2001, the appellant cannot be held defaulter of payment of advance tax. As pointed out earlier, on the last date of the financial year preceding the relevant assessment year, as the book profit of the appellant in accordance with the then provision of law was nil, we cannot conceive of any “advance tax” which in essence is payable within the last day of the financial year preceding the relevant assessment year as provided in sections 207 and 208 or within the dates indicated in section 211 of the Act which inevitably falls within the last date of the financial year preceding the relevant assessment year. Consequently, the assessee cannot be branded as a defaulter in payment of advance tax as mentioned above.
- At this stage, we may profitably rely upon the observations of the Supreme Court in the case of Star India P.Ltd. v. CCE reported in [2006] 280ITR321(SC), strongly relied upon by Mr.Bajoria, where the apex court in the context of imposition of service tax by the Finance Act, 2002 with retrospective effect held that the liability to pay interest would arise only on default and is really in the nature of quasi-punishment and thus, although the liability to pay tax arose due to retrospective effect of law, the same should not entail the punishment of payment of interest.
- Although Mr Nizamuddin, the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the revenue, in this connection, strongly relied upon the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Joint CIT v. Rolta India Ltd. Reported in [2011] 330 ITR 470(SC), we find that in that case the question was whether interest under Section 234B of the Act could be charged on the tax calculated on the book profit under Section 115JA and in other words, whether advance tax was at all payable on book profits under Section 115JA of the Act. The Supreme Court answered the said question in the affirmative and further held that the provisions of interest on default as provided in Sections 234B and 234C would also apply. We have already pointed out that Mr. Bajoria, at the very outset, conceded that the said decision should be applied for answering the first question formulated in this appeal against his client. In our opinion, the said decision is not relevant for considering the second and the third questions as to whether an assessee can be said to be a defaulter in payment of advance tax if he had no liability to make payment of such tax on the last date of a financial year preceding the relevant assessment year as such the question did not arise in the said case before the Supreme Court.
- It appears that the learned Tribunal has not at all considered the aforesaid aspect as to the liability of the assessee to make payment of the advance tax on the last day of the financial year, i.e.,March 31,2001, when its book profit was nil according to the then law of the land. The various decisions of the other High Courts and the Tribunals relied upon by the Tribunal did not effectively consider the question whether even in a case like the present one where on the last date of the financial year preceding the relevant assessment year, the assessee had no liability to pay advance tax, he would be nevertheless asked to pay interest in terms of section 234B and section 234C of the Act for default in making payment of tax in advance which was physically impossible.”
- In the result, the second question is not entertained and the tax appeal is confined only to the first question.
************************************************************************
For Tax & Corporate Law Updates on Mobile, we have created Telegram and Whatsapp Group with following Link:
Telegram Group at –
Whatsapp Group at
- https://chat.whatsapp.com/Bx8GHrZbSBxAhvKk8Tdcq5
- https://chat.whatsapp.com/Ld0PGmPrG5mBb9NzEwVBnI
- https://chat.whatsapp.com/6ACEgkZhTDgF6PJlNGKSaq
- https://chat.whatsapp.com/HbMiJC3oUzW9zqmm1cjD2D
Income Tax Act on Your Mobile Now
Android Application
for
Income Tax Act – 1961 with Cost Inflation Index
and other tools on Mobile now at following link:
1. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thetaxtalk&hl
