Income Computation and Disclosure Standard
IV : Relating to Revenue Recognition
NOTIFICATION NO. 32/2015, DATED: 31-03-2015
ICDS (INCOME COMPUTATION AND DISCLOSURE STANDARD) NOTIFIED BY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FOR THE PURPOSE OF SECTION 145
EFFECTIVE FROM 01.04.2015.
SECTION 145(2)
S.O. 892 (E) In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (2) of section 145 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961) and in supersession of the notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue, published in the Gazette of India, Part II, Section 3, Sub-section (ii), vide number S.O 69(E) dated the 25th January, 1996, except as respects things done or omitted to be done before such supersession, the Central Government hereby notifies the income computation and disclosure standards as specified in the Annexure to be followed by all assessees, following the mercantile system of accounting, for the purposes of computation of income chargeable to income-tax under the head “Profit and gains of business or profession” or ” Income from other sources”. This notification shall come into force with effect from 1st day of April, 2015, and shall accordingly apply to the assessment year 2016-17 and subsequent assessment years.
Annexure
[See Notification No.32/2015, F. No. 134/48/2010-TPL, dated 31st March, 2015]
Income computation and Disclosure Standard
IV : Relating to Revenue Recognition
Preamble
This Income Computation and Disclosure Standard is applicable for computation of income chargeable under the head “Profits and gains of business or profession” or “Income from other sources” and not for the purpose of maintenance of books of accounts.
In the case of conflict between the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’) and this Income Computation and Disclosure Standard, the provisions of the Act shall prevail to that extent.
Scope
1. (1) This Income Computation and Disclosure Standard deals with the bases for recognition of revenue arising in the course of the ordinary activities of a person from
(i) the sale of goods;
(ii) the rendering of services;
(iii) the use by others of the person’s resources yielding interest, royalties or dividends.
(2) This Income Computation and Disclosure Standard does not deal with the aspects of revenue recognition which are dealt with by other Income Computation and Disclosure Standards.
Definitions
2 (1) The following term is used in this Income Computation and Disclosure Standard with the meanings specified:
(a) “Revenue” is the gross inflow of cash, receivables or other consideration arising in the course of the ordinary activities of a person from the sale of goods, from the rendering of services, or from the use by others of the person’s resources yielding interest, royalties or dividends. In an agency relationship, the revenue is the amount of commission and not the gross inflow of cash, receivables or other consideration.
(2) Words and expressions used and not defined in this Income Computation and Disclosure Standard but defined in the Act shall have the meanings assigned to them in that Act.
Sale of Goods
3. In a transaction involving the sale of goods, the revenue shall be recognised when the seller of goods has transferred to the buyer the property in the goods for a price or all significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and the seller retains no effective control of the goods transferred to a degree usually associated with ownership. In a situation, where transfer of property in goods does not coincide with the transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership, revenue in such a situation shall be recognised at the time of transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer.
4. Revenue shall be recognised when there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate collection.
5. Where the ability to assess the ultimate collection with reasonable certainty is lacking at the time of raising any claim for escalation of price and export incentives, revenue recognition in respect of such claim shall be postponed to the extent of uncertainty involved.
Rendering of Services
6. Revenue from service transactions shall be recognised by the percentage completion method. Under this method, revenue from service transactions is matched with the service transactions costs incurred in reaching the stage of completion, resulting in the determination of revenue, expenses and profit which can be attributed to the proportion of work completed. Income Computation and Disclosure Standard on construction contract also requires the recognition of revenue on this basis. The requirements of that Standard shall mutatis mutandis apply to the recognition of revenue and the associated expenses for a service transaction.
The Use of Resources by Others Yielding Interest, Royalties or Dividends
7. Interest shall accrue on the time basis determined by the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Discount or premium on debt securities held is treated as though it were accruing over the period to maturity.
8. Royalties shall accrue in accordance with the terms of the relevant agreement and shall be recognised on that basis unless, having regard to the substance of the transaction, it is more appropriate to recognise revenue on some other systematic and rational basis.
9. Dividends are recognised in accordance with the provisions of the Act.
Transitional Provisions
10. The transitional provisions of Income Computation and Disclosure Standard on construction contract shall mutatis mutandis apply to the recognition of revenue and the associated costs for a service transaction undertaken on or before the 31st day of March, 2015 but not completed by the said date.
11. Revenue for a transaction, other than a service transaction referred to in Para 10, undertaken on or before the 31st day of March, 2015 but not completed by the said date shall be recognised in accordance with the provisions of this standard for the previous year commencing on the 1st day of April, 2015 and subsequent previous year. The amount of revenue, if any, recognised for the said transaction for any previous year commencing on or before the 1st day of April, 2014 shall be taken into account for recognising revenue for the said transaction for the previous year commencing on the 1st day of April, 2015 and subsequent previous years.
Disclosure
12. Following disclosures shall be made in respect of revenue recognition, namely:—
(a) in a transaction involving sale of good, total amount not recognised as revenue during the previous year due to lack of reasonably certainty of its ultimate collection along with nature of uncertainty;
(b) the amount of revenue from service transactions recognised as revenue during the previous year;
(c) the method used to determine the stage of completion of service transactions in progress; and
(d) for service transactions in progress at the end of previous year:
(i) amount of costs incurred and recognised profits (less recognised losses) upto end of previous year;
(ii) the amount of advances received; and (in) the amount of retentions.
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